I-1.I-jenereyitha yaseChina iseti ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi

Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga zedatha yezithethe zamazwe ahlukeneyo, isixa sokuthumela ngaphandle kweeyunithi zokuvelisa kumazwe amakhulu kunye nemimandla yehlabathi ibiyi-9.783 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2019. I-China ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala, phantse kane ngaphezulu kwendawo yesibini, eUnited States, ethengise ngaphandle kwe-635 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika

2. Umlinganiselo wepetroli kumazwe angaphandle kunye neeseti ezinkulu zokwenza umbane wehlile, ngeli lixa lowo weeseti ezivelisa umlinganiselo omncinci nophakathi unyukile.

Ngo-2019, ngokwembono yecandelo lazo zonke iintlobo zeeseti zokuvelisa kumthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle eTshayina, iiseti ezivelisa ipetroli zibalelwa elona candelo likhulu, libalelwa kwi-41.75%, ngexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle le-1.28 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, kodwa unyaka nonyaka. ukwehla kwaba yi-19.30%, kunye nokuhla okukhulu.Eyesibini ziiyunithi ezinkulu zokuvelisa amandla, ezibalelwa kwi-19.69%.Ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle yi-US $ 604 yezigidi, phantsi kwe-6.80% xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.Eyesithathu ziiyunithi ezincinci ezivelisayo, ezibalelwa kwi-19.51%.Ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle yi-USD 598 yezigidi, ukunyuka kwe-2.10% ngonyaka.Eyesine ziiyunithi ezivelisa ubungakanani obuphakathi, ezibalelwa kwi-14.32%.Ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle yi-US $ 439 yezigidi, ukunyuka kwe-3.90% ngonyaka.Okokugqibela, inani leeyunithi ezinkulu kakhulu ezivelisa i-4.73%.Ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle laliyi-US $145 yezigidi, yehle nge-0.7% ngonyaka.

I-3.Ukuthunyelwa kwe-injini ye-petroli e-United States yehla kakhulu, ngelixa i-market enkulu yesibini, i-Nigeria, inyuke kakhulu

Ngo-2019, i-China yathumela i-petroli ethumela ngaphandle kuMntla Melika yoluhlu, ngexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-459 yezigidi zeedola, libalelwa kwi-35.90%, kodwa ukwehla konyaka ngonyaka ngama-46.90%.Kwindawo yesibini yayiyi-Asia, i-24.30%, okanye i-311 yezigidi zeedola, kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-21.50%.I-Afrika ibiyeyesithathu, ibalelwa kuma-21.50% kuthi i-$275 yezigidi, inyuke nge-47.60% ngonyaka.I-Europe yayiyeyesibini inkulu kumazwe angaphandle, ibalwa kwi-11.60% ye-150 yezigidi zeedola, phantsi kwe-12.90% ngonyaka.Ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kwiLatin America kunye ne-Oceania alidlulanga i-US $ 100 yezigidi, kwaye zombini zinqabile unyaka nonyaka, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo ongezantsi.

I-United States yeyona ndawo inkulu yelizwe ekuthunyelwe kuyo abathengisi bepetroli.Ngo-2019, elona lizwe likhulu laseTshayina lokuthumela i-petroli elithumela ngaphandle i-United States, ine-407 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, kodwa unyaka nonyaka ukwehla ngama-50.10%.I-United States ibeke ixabiso le-25 ekhulwini kwimveliso ukususela ngoSeptemba 24, 2019, ngoko ke ezinye ii-odolo zaziswa ngoSeptemba 2018 kwaye ezinye zalibaziseka kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2020. Abanye baye batshintshela imveliso eVietnam.

Amazwe aphezulu ali-15 kunye nemimandla aboniswe kulo mzobo ungezantsi, apho iNigeria iyindawo yesibini yentengiso enkulu yokuthengisa ngaphandle kwe-China ijenereyitha yepetroli, ngokunyuka okubonakalayo kwe-45.30% kunonyaka ophelileyo.IHong Kong, iJapan, uMzantsi Afrika kunye neLibya nazo zikhule ngokukhawuleza, iHong Kong inyuke nge-111.50 yeepesenti, iJapan inyuke ngama-51.90 epesenti, uMzantsi Afrika inyuke nge-77.20 yeepesenti kwaye iLibya inyuke ngama-308.40 epesenti.

Ngokomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle, iNigeria ne-United States azikho kude.Kunyaka ophelileyo, i-China yathumela ngaphandle kwe-1457,610 iiseti zokuvelisa i-petroli e-United States, ngelixa i-1452,432 yathunyelwa eNigeria, kunye nomahluko we-5,178 kuphela.Esona sizathu sesokuba uninzi lweeyunithi ezithunyelwa eNigeria ziimveliso eziphantsi kunye namaxabiso aphantsi eyunithi.

I-4.Asia iseyeyona marike iphambili ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe iiseti ezivelisa idizili

Ngo-2019, i-China yathumela ngaphandle elona nani likhulu leeseti zedizili ezincinci, eziphakathi, ezinkulu kunye nezikhulu kakhulu e-Asiya, zibalelwa kwi-56.80% kunye nathi i-1.014 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ezantsi nge-2.10% unyaka nonyaka.Kwindawo yesibini ibe yi-Afrika, ethe yathumela ngaphandle i-265 yezigidi zeerandi, ithatha i-14.80%, inyuke nge-24.3% ngonyaka.Okwesithathu yayiyi-Latin America, apho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kwafikelela kuthi i-201 yezigidi zeedola, kubalelwa kwi-11.20%, phantsi kwe-9.20% ngonyaka.IYurophu ikwindawo yesine, ngokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwezigidi ezingama-167 zeedola, okanye i-9.30%, inyuke nge-0.01% ngonyaka.Isixa sokuthunyelwa kwe-Oceania kunye noMntla Melika asidlulanga kwi-100 yezigidi zeedola, zombini eziye zehla unyaka nonyaka, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi.

Ngo-2019, umzantsi-mpuma we-Asiya yeyona marike iphambili yokuthumela ngaphandle kwiiseti zedizili ezincinci, eziphakathi, ezinkulu nezinkulu kakhulu eChina.I-Indonesia ibeka indawo yokuqala, kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-USd 170 yezigidi, ukuya kwi-1.40% ngonyaka.Eyesibini yiPhilippines, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-119 yezigidi zeedola, ukuya kwi-9.80% ngonyaka, amanye amazwe angama-15 aphezulu athumela ngaphandle kunye nokubekwa kwinqanaba njengoko kuboniswe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi, onyuka ngokukhawuleza, eChile, eSaudi Arabia, eVietnam, eCambodia. , kunye neColombia, iVietnam yavuka i-69.50% ukusuka kwi-2018, i-Chile yaphakama i-36.50%, yavuka i-99.80% e-Saudi Arabia, i-Cambodia i-160.80%, i-Colombia i-38.40%.